Table of Contents
- BNPL vs. Personal Loans: A Credit Score Showdown
- The Evolving Landscape of BNPL Reporting
- Personal Loans: A Traditional Credit Building Block
- BNPL: The Newcomer's Impact on Credit
- Late Payments: The Real Credit Destroyers
- Navigating the Choices: Which Path for Your Credit?
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
The financial world is a constantly shifting terrain, and staying ahead means understanding the tools at your disposal. Two prominent players in consumer credit are Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services and traditional personal loans. While both offer convenience for financing purchases, their impact on your credit score can be dramatically different, especially with recent regulatory and technological shifts. As BNPL becomes more integrated into the credit reporting ecosystem, the lines are blurring, making it essential to grasp how each impacts your financial health. This deep dive will explore which option might accelerate credit damage and what you need to know to make informed decisions.
BNPL vs. Personal Loans: A Credit Score Showdown
Understanding the nuances between Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services and personal loans is crucial for anyone aiming to manage their credit effectively. Historically, these two financing methods have operated under different sets of rules regarding credit reporting. Personal loans have always been a direct participant in the credit reporting system, with their repayment behavior meticulously tracked by major credit bureaus. Every on-time payment contributes to a positive payment history, a cornerstone of a strong credit score, while a single missed payment can send your score plummeting. Conversely, BNPL, until recently, largely operated in a credit reporting grey area. Many providers did not report to credit bureaus, meaning responsible usage wouldn't build credit history, and defaults often went unreported, leaving lenders unaware of potential risks.
However, this landscape is undergoing a seismic shift. FICO, the company behind the widely used FICO credit score, is set to roll out new scoring models in Fall 2025, FICO Score 10 BNPL and FICO Score 10 T BNPL. These advanced models will integrate BNPL transactions into credit calculations, meaning responsible BNPL use could soon positively influence your score, while a pattern of missed payments will undoubtedly harm it. This change is already being mirrored by several BNPL providers who are beginning to report payment data to Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion. The market itself is booming; BNPL is projected to reach a staggering $560.1 billion globally by 2025, with 86.5 million Americans using these services in 2024, and a significant portion of users being under 35. This rapid expansion, coupled with evolving reporting practices, makes it imperative to re-evaluate how these options affect your credit health.
Personal loans, while not experiencing the same dramatic reporting overhaul, remain a substantial part of the financial ecosystem. As of Q2 2025, approximately 24.8 million Americans have outstanding personal loans totaling $257 billion, with an average debt of $11,676 per borrower. A common use for these loans is debt consolidation or refinancing, aiming to streamline finances and potentially reduce interest burdens. The application for a personal loan involves a hard credit inquiry, which can cause a small, temporary dip in your credit score. However, the long-term benefits of timely repayment on a personal loan typically outweigh this minor initial impact. Understanding these foundational differences and the new developments is the first step in navigating which credit tool serves you best without causing undue harm.
Key Differences: BNPL vs. Personal Loan Impact
| Feature | Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) | Personal Loan |
|---|---|---|
| Credit Reporting (Historical) | Often not reported | Always reported |
| Credit Reporting (Future) | Increasingly reported; integrated into FICO 10 models | Consistently reported |
| Impact on Credit Score | Minimal historically; growing potential for both positive and negative impact | Significant; timely payments build score, late payments damage score |
| Initial Inquiry | Often soft or no credit check | Typically a hard credit inquiry |
The Evolving Landscape of BNPL Reporting
The most significant development impacting the BNPL vs. personal loan credit score debate is the evolving reporting practices of BNPL providers. For years, BNPL services operated largely outside the traditional credit reporting framework. This meant that while consumers could access financing for purchases without immediate credit checks or reporting of on-time payments, they also missed out on an opportunity to build or improve their credit history. In essence, responsible use of BNPL was invisible to credit scoring models. However, this is rapidly changing, primarily driven by a desire for greater transparency in consumer credit and the need for lenders to assess a borrower's complete financial picture.
The announcement by FICO of its new scoring models, FICO Score 10 BNPL and FICO Score 10 T BNPL, slated for release in Fall 2025, marks a pivotal moment. These models are designed to incorporate BNPL payment history directly into credit score calculations. This development promises to democratize credit building for a younger demographic or those with limited credit histories who heavily utilize BNPL. By reporting payments, both positive and negative, BNPL will transition from a financial convenience to a credit-building tool. This means that consistent, on-time payments on BNPL plans could soon give a boost to credit scores, making them a viable option for those looking to establish or enhance their creditworthiness. The credit bureaus, including Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion, are already seeing increased data from BNPL providers, signaling a broader industry trend towards comprehensive reporting.
This shift also introduces a new layer of risk. Just as positive behavior can be rewarded, negative behavior, such as missed or late payments, will now have a direct and measurable impact on credit scores. Given that 41% of BNPL users reported making late payments in 2025, up from 34% in 2024, this evolution is particularly critical. These delinquency rates are notably higher than the 3.37% for personal loans in Q2 2025. The short-term nature of many BNPL plans, which often involve multiple small payments over a short period, can make them challenging to track for some consumers. Without careful management, this could lead to a cascade of negative impacts on credit scores. The growing prevalence of BNPL, especially among younger consumers (over half are under 35), means these reporting changes will affect a substantial portion of the population. As more BNPL providers begin reporting, the idea of BNPL as a 'risk-free' credit option is rapidly becoming obsolete, requiring users to approach it with the same diligence as any other form of credit.
The implications for lenders are also significant. With more data on BNPL usage, lenders will gain a clearer, more holistic view of a borrower's debt obligations. This could lead to more accurate risk assessments and potentially influence lending decisions for other credit products. For consumers, the takeaway is clear: treat BNPL payments with the same seriousness as your mortgage or credit card bills. The trend toward increased transparency means your financial habits, across all platforms, are becoming more visible and consequential to your credit standing. This also highlights the importance of financial literacy and responsible borrowing practices in an increasingly interconnected credit environment.
BNPL Reporting Evolution: Key Trends
| Trend | Description |
|---|---|
| FICO Integration | New FICO models (10 BNPL, 10 T BNPL) will incorporate BNPL data. |
| Provider Reporting | More BNPL services are actively reporting to major credit bureaus. |
| Credit Building Potential | Responsible BNPL use may help build credit history. |
| Risk of Damage | Late or missed payments will now negatively impact credit scores. |
Personal Loans: A Traditional Credit Building Block
Personal loans have long been a staple in the consumer credit market, offering a straightforward way to finance significant purchases, consolidate debt, or manage unexpected expenses. Unlike BNPL services, which are often used for smaller, discretionary purchases, personal loans are typically sought for larger financial needs. The process of obtaining a personal loan is well-established and directly involves credit bureaus. When you apply for a personal loan, a hard credit inquiry is usually performed. This type of inquiry can have a minor, temporary negative effect on your credit score, typically a few points, but it's a standard part of establishing credit responsibly.
The real power of personal loans in credit building lies in their repayment structure. As installment loans, they involve a fixed repayment schedule over a set period. Making these payments on time, every time, is fundamental to building a positive payment history. Payment history is the single most influential factor in determining your credit score, accounting for roughly 35% of the FICO score. Consistent on-time payments on a personal loan demonstrate to lenders that you are a reliable borrower, which can significantly boost your creditworthiness over time. Furthermore, using a personal loan for debt consolidation can indirectly benefit your credit score. By paying off high-interest credit card balances, you can effectively reduce your credit utilization ratio (CUR) on those cards, which is another critical component of your credit score (around 30%). Lowering your CUR generally leads to a higher credit score.
The delinquency rates for personal loans, standing at a low 3.37% as of Q2 2025, reflect a generally responsible user base or a more stringent initial approval process compared to some BNPL offerings. This lower delinquency rate suggests that borrowers who obtain personal loans are often more financially stable or have a better understanding of credit obligations. The average personal loan debt of $11,676 also indicates that these are typically substantial commitments. The predictable nature of personal loan payments, often monthly over several years, provides a consistent opportunity to showcase responsible financial behavior to credit bureaus. This makes a well-managed personal loan a robust tool for credit enhancement and financial stability, offering a clear path to improving one's credit profile.
While the initial hard inquiry might seem daunting, the long-term benefits of establishing a solid repayment history with a personal loan are substantial. It provides tangible proof of financial discipline that can open doors to better interest rates and terms on future loans and credit cards. For individuals looking for a reliable method to build or repair their credit, a personal loan, when managed judiciously, remains one of the most effective traditional avenues available. Its established place within the credit reporting system ensures that responsible behavior is recognized and rewarded.
Personal Loan Advantages for Credit Building
| Aspect | Benefit |
|---|---|
| Payment History | Directly contributes to positive credit history through on-time payments. |
| Credit Utilization | Can lower credit utilization when used for debt consolidation. |
| Score Impact | Demonstrates financial responsibility, enhancing long-term creditworthiness. |
| Inquiry Impact | Minor, temporary dip from hard inquiry is usually offset by positive repayment behavior. |
BNPL: The Newcomer's Impact on Credit
Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services have surged in popularity, offering consumers an easy way to split purchases into manageable installments, often without interest. This convenience factor has made BNPL a favorite among younger demographics and those looking for flexible payment options for everyday items and larger purchases alike. Initially, the impact of BNPL on credit scores was minimal because most providers did not report to the major credit bureaus. This meant that whether you paid on time or missed a payment, it generally didn't show up on your credit report, and thus had no direct bearing on your score. This lack of reporting also meant that responsible BNPL usage didn't contribute to building a credit history, leaving a significant gap for individuals trying to establish creditworthiness.
However, the regulatory and scoring landscape for BNPL is undergoing a radical transformation. The forthcoming integration into FICO Score 10 BNPL and FICO Score 10 T BNPL models, expected in Fall 2025, is set to change everything. This means that the previously invisible BNPL transactions will start appearing on credit reports. For consumers who manage their BNPL payments diligently, this presents an opportunity to build a positive credit history. Making consistent, on-time payments on BNPL plans could potentially boost credit scores, especially for those with limited credit experience. This is a significant development, turning a tool for immediate gratification into a potential credit-building asset. As more BNPL providers voluntarily report to bureaus like Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion, this trend is accelerating.
Conversely, this increased reporting also means that irresponsibility with BNPL can now actively damage credit scores. The statistic that 41% of BNPL users made late payments in 2025 highlights a critical risk. Missed payments on BNPL plans, now being reported, will negatively impact credit scores just as they would on a credit card or personal loan. The short-term nature of many BNPL plans, often requiring payments every two weeks or monthly, can be a pitfall for consumers who aren't diligent in tracking their obligations. Accumulating multiple BNPL plans, a practice sometimes referred to as "loan stacking," can make it exceedingly difficult to keep track of due dates, increasing the likelihood of missed payments and subsequent credit damage. Unlike personal loans, which are typically singular, larger obligations, BNPL can be used for numerous small purchases, creating a complex web of payments that requires meticulous management.
The initial application process for BNPL is often less rigorous than for personal loans, frequently involving soft credit checks or no credit checks at all. This accessibility is a major draw. However, this ease of access can mask the potential long-term credit implications. As BNPL becomes more integrated into credit scoring, its role shifts from a simple payment alternative to a genuine financial obligation that requires careful oversight. For consumers with thin credit files, using BNPL responsibly could be a pathway to credit, but the risk of credit destruction is now as real as with any other credit product. The key will be to approach BNPL with the same financial discipline as one would a traditional loan.
BNPL's Evolving Credit Impact
| Characteristic | Implication |
|---|---|
| Credit Building | Growing potential for positive credit impact through on-time payments (especially with FICO 10 models). |
| Credit Damage | Increased risk of negative credit score impact due to direct reporting of late/missed payments. |
| Accessibility | Often easier initial access (soft checks), but carries long-term credit responsibilities. |
| Loan Stacking | Risk of accumulating multiple debts, making management difficult and increasing default potential. |
Late Payments: The Real Credit Destroyers
Regardless of whether you're using a Buy Now, Pay Later service or a traditional personal loan, the most direct path to credit score destruction is consistently missing payments. The rise in late payments associated with BNPL services, with 41% of users reporting late payments in 2025, is a major concern and a key factor in understanding how BNPL could potentially "destroy" credit faster if mismanaged. Personal loans, by contrast, have a lower reported delinquency rate of 3.37% as of Q2 2025. This stark difference in reported late payment behavior is significant, especially as BNPL reporting becomes more prevalent.
When a payment is late on a credit account that is reported to credit bureaus, it typically results in a negative mark on your credit report. This negative mark can stay on your report for up to seven years. The severity of the damage depends on how late the payment is. A payment that is 30 days late is less damaging than one that is 60 or 90 days late. However, any late payment signals to lenders that you may be a higher risk. For BNPL, this means that the convenience of splitting payments can quickly turn into a significant credit liability if not managed with strict discipline. The ease with which consumers can take on multiple BNPL obligations, often without a thorough credit check, can lead to overextension. This overextension makes it more probable that some payments will be missed, thus triggering negative reporting.
A personal loan, due to its often larger sum and longer repayment term, might seem like a more substantial commitment, and indeed, missing payments on one can have severe repercussions. A late payment on a personal loan will also be reported, directly impacting your payment history and thus your credit score. However, the lower delinquency rate suggests that borrowers are, on average, more successful at managing these obligations, or perhaps the initial qualification process weeds out individuals more prone to late payments. The key difference in potential "destruction speed" might lie in the cumulative effect. Because consumers might engage with several BNPL services simultaneously for smaller purchases, a single lapse in attention could result in multiple accounts becoming delinquent and reported, potentially leading to a more rapid decline in credit score compared to missing a payment on a single, larger personal loan. The psychological aspect of "loan stacking" with BNPL also plays a role; consumers may underestimate the combined financial burden, leading to a higher propensity for missed payments and, consequently, faster credit damage.
It's also worth noting that while personal loans usually have a fixed structure, BNPL plans can vary greatly. Some are interest-free if paid on time, while others may have hidden fees or convert to high-interest loans if payments are missed. This variability adds another layer of complexity to BNPL management, increasing the potential for missteps that harm credit. Ultimately, the "speed" at which credit is destroyed is less about the product itself and more about the borrower's behavior. However, the current trends in BNPL usage and reporting suggest that the potential for rapid credit damage is higher with BNPL due to its accessibility, popularity for multiple small transactions, and a growing rate of late payments.
Impact of Late Payments on Credit Score
| Payment Status | Credit Impact |
|---|---|
| On-Time Payment | Positive contribution to payment history, building credit score. |
| 30 Days Late | Minor negative mark, can start lowering score. |
| 60-90 Days Late | Significant negative mark, substantially lowers score; may be sent to collections. |
| Charge-off / Default | Severe negative impact, remains on credit report for up to 7 years. |
Navigating the Choices: Which Path for Your Credit?
Deciding between a BNPL service and a personal loan hinges on your financial goals, current credit standing, and your ability to manage debt responsibly. For individuals seeking to actively build or improve their credit history, a personal loan offers a more established and predictable path. The consistent reporting of on-time payments directly contributes to a strong payment history, the most critical factor in credit scoring. Furthermore, using a personal loan for debt consolidation can positively impact your credit utilization ratio. While the initial hard inquiry may cause a minor dip, the long-term benefits of demonstrating consistent repayment behavior are undeniable and generally outweigh this temporary effect. Personal loans are best suited for larger financial needs and provide a structured way to manage significant debt.
BNPL services, on the other hand, are evolving rapidly. With their increasing integration into credit scoring models, they are becoming a viable option for credit building, especially for younger consumers or those with limited credit experience. If used judiciously for planned purchases, and with a diligent eye on due dates, BNPL can contribute positively to a credit profile. The advantage here is the accessibility, often involving minimal initial checks, and the potential for interest-free repayment if managed perfectly. However, the significant risk associated with BNPL lies in its ease of use for multiple small transactions, leading to "loan stacking." The high rate of late payments reported by BNPL users, coupled with the upcoming reporting changes, means that mismanagement can lead to rapid credit score deterioration. BNPL is best suited for smaller, planned purchases where the consumer is confident in their ability to track and meet multiple, often frequent, payment deadlines.
Ultimately, neither BNPL nor personal loans inherently "destroy" credit faster. The destructive power lies in the user's behavior. However, the current trends and upcoming changes in reporting suggest that the potential for rapid credit damage might be higher with BNPL due to its widespread use for accumulating multiple debts and the documented higher rates of late payments. Personal loans offer a more transparent and historically reliable method for credit building. For those prioritizing credit growth and stability, a well-managed personal loan is generally the more robust choice. For smaller, short-term financing needs where discipline is guaranteed, BNPL can be a convenient tool, but its risks are increasing as it becomes more integrated into the formal credit system. Consumers must weigh the convenience against the potential consequences and choose the option that best aligns with their financial discipline and long-term credit goals.
My opinion: The shift in BNPL reporting is a critical development. While it offers new avenues for credit building, it also introduces risks that many consumers might not fully grasp. Personal loans remain a more predictable tool for those focused on solidifying their credit history. It's all about aligning the tool with your financial habits and understanding the long-term implications.
Choosing the Right Path
| Factor | Personal Loan Recommendation | BNPL Recommendation |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Goal | Building/improving credit history, debt consolidation, larger purchases. | Financing smaller, planned purchases; flexible payment for specific items. |
| Credit Management Style | Prefer fewer, larger, more predictable obligations. | Highly disciplined, organized, and capable of tracking multiple, frequent payment deadlines. |
| Risk Tolerance | Lower tolerance for credit score fluctuations. | Willing to accept potential credit score impact from evolving reporting and higher delinquency rates. |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1. Will BNPL affect my credit score in 2024?
A1. For most BNPL services in 2024, the impact on your credit score is minimal as they often do not report to credit bureaus. However, this is changing, and some providers are starting to report. The significant changes are expected with FICO's new models in Fall 2025.
Q2. Which is better for building credit: BNPL or a personal loan?
A2. Traditionally, personal loans have been more effective for building credit due to consistent reporting. As BNPL reporting increases, responsible BNPL use will also build credit, but personal loans offer a more established and predictable path.
Q3. Can a hard inquiry from a personal loan significantly damage my credit score?
A3. A hard inquiry from a personal loan application typically lowers your score by a few points temporarily. This effect is usually minor and short-lived, often offset by positive repayment behavior.
Q4. What happens if I miss a payment on a BNPL plan after it starts being reported?
A4. Once reported, a missed BNPL payment will negatively impact your credit score, similar to missing a payment on a credit card or personal loan. This can stay on your report for up to seven years.
Q5. Does using BNPL for multiple small purchases hurt my credit more than one large personal loan?
A5. If multiple BNPL payments are missed due to "loan stacking," it can lead to more rapid credit damage as multiple accounts show delinquency. A single personal loan, while significant, might involve fewer variables to track.
Q6. Can BNPL help me improve my credit utilization ratio (CUR)?
A6. Generally, no. BNPL is typically an installment loan, not revolving credit like a credit card. Therefore, it does not directly impact your CUR. However, using a personal loan to pay off credit card debt can lower your CUR.
Q7. What are the delinquency rates for personal loans compared to BNPL?
A7. As of Q2 2025, personal loan delinquency rates were around 3.37%. For BNPL, 41% of users reported late payments in 2025, indicating a higher rate of delinquency.
Q8. When will BNPL data be fully integrated into credit scores?
A8. FICO's new scoring models incorporating BNPL are scheduled for rollout in Fall 2025. However, some BNPL providers are already reporting to credit bureaus.
Q9. Is BNPL always interest-free?
A9. Many BNPL plans are interest-free if paid on time according to the schedule. However, if payments are missed, some may convert to interest-bearing loans or incur late fees.
Q10. Which demographic uses BNPL the most?
A10. Over half of BNPL consumers are under 35 years old, indicating strong adoption among younger generations.
Q11. How does a personal loan affect my credit utilization?
A11. Personal loans themselves do not directly affect credit utilization, as they are installment loans. However, using a personal loan to pay off credit card debt can significantly reduce your credit card balances, thereby lowering your overall credit utilization ratio.
Q12. Is it possible to build credit with BNPL if it's not reported?
A12. Historically, no, because it wasn't reported. However, with the trend towards increased reporting and integration into new FICO models, responsible BNPL use will soon contribute to credit building.
Q13. What is "loan stacking" with BNPL?
A13. Loan stacking refers to taking out multiple BNPL loans simultaneously for different purchases, making it difficult to track all payments and increasing the risk of defaults.
Q14. How do BNPL and personal loans compare in terms of interest rates?
A14. Many BNPL plans are interest-free if paid on time. Personal loans typically have interest rates that vary based on your creditworthiness, ranging from single digits to over 30% APR.
Q15. Which type of loan is harder to get approved for?
A15. Personal loans generally have more stringent approval requirements, often involving a hard credit check, compared to many BNPL services that use soft checks or no credit checks.
Q16. Will using BNPL affect my ability to get a personal loan later?
A16. If BNPL usage is reported and shows a history of late payments, it could negatively impact your ability to qualify for a personal loan. Responsible use should not hinder it.
Q17. What is the average amount for a personal loan vs. BNPL transaction?
A17. The average personal loan debt is over $11,000, while BNPL transactions are typically much smaller, often for individual purchases ranging from $50 to a few hundred dollars.
Q18. How can I track my BNPL payments effectively?
A18. Use a calendar, set up payment reminders, or utilize budgeting apps that can help you monitor all your payment due dates, especially if you use multiple BNPL services.
Q19. Does a BNPL loan count towards my total debt when applying for a mortgage?
A19. As BNPL reporting becomes more common, lenders will have visibility into these debts. It could potentially be factored into your debt-to-income ratio, impacting mortgage approval.
Q20. Which credit bureaus track BNPL payments?
A20. Currently, major bureaus like Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion are increasingly receiving BNPL payment data from participating providers.
Q21. What is the FICO Score 10 BNPL model?
A21. It's an upcoming version of the FICO credit scoring model designed to incorporate Buy Now, Pay Later payment data into credit score calculations, aiming for a more comprehensive credit assessment.
Q22. Can I use BNPL to avoid credit checks?
A22. Many BNPL services offer initial approval with soft credit checks or no credit checks. However, as reporting becomes standard, the long-term impact on your credit profile will be more significant.
Q23. Which is more transparent about its impact on credit: BNPL or personal loans?
A23. Personal loans have historically been very transparent regarding their credit impact due to consistent reporting. BNPL's transparency is rapidly increasing with new reporting trends.
Q24. If I have a thin credit file, which option is better for me?
A24. For building credit, a personal loan is a solid, traditional choice. BNPL could also be a tool, but only if used with extreme diligence and awareness of its evolving reporting status.
Q25. What happens if a BNPL provider goes out of business?
A25. If you have outstanding balances, the debt may be sold to a debt collector, which could still impact your credit if payments are mishandled. It's crucial to understand the terms of service.
Q26. How does using BNPL affect my ability to get a credit card?
A26. As BNPL becomes reported, a history of late payments could make it harder to get approved for credit cards. Responsible use may have a neutral or positive effect.
Q27. Are there any credit score advantages to using BNPL over a personal loan for a small purchase?
A27. The main advantage of BNPL is often the lack of a hard inquiry for initial approval, preserving your score from a temporary dip. However, the credit-building potential of a personal loan is generally more robust.
Q28. What is the average interest rate for personal loans?
A28. Interest rates for personal loans vary widely, typically ranging from 6% to 36% APR, depending on the borrower's credit score, the loan amount, and the loan term.
Q29. How can I ensure my BNPL payments are always on time?
A29. Set up automatic payments from your bank account or credit card, use calendar reminders, and only use BNPL for purchases you can comfortably afford within the payment schedule.
Q30. Which option provides better consumer protections?
A30. Personal loans are typically regulated under federal laws like the Truth in Lending Act, offering established consumer protections. BNPL regulations are still evolving, though efforts are underway to provide more clarity and protection.
Disclaimer
This article is written for general information purposes and cannot replace professional financial advice. Consult with a qualified financial advisor for personalized guidance.
Summary
Both BNPL and personal loans can impact your credit, with the severity depending on your repayment behavior. While personal loans have a long-established impact, BNPL's influence is growing as reporting becomes more common. Late payments are the primary cause of credit damage for both. Responsible use of either can build credit, but personal loans offer a more predictable path. Consumers should approach BNPL with caution due to its potential for rapid credit damage if mismanaged.
๐ Editorial & Verification Information
Author: Smart Insight Research Team
Reviewer: Davit Cho
Editorial Supervisor: SmartFinanceProHub Editorial Board
Verification: Official documents & verified public web sources
Publication Date: Nov 30, 2025 | Last Updated: Nov 30, 2025
Ads & Sponsorship: None
Contact: mr.clickholic@gmail.com
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